SINTAX

SINTAX

Syntax: Is basically the structure of sentences. Sentences have to follow certain structural rules in order to make sense. You can’t just throw any words together to make a sentence! 

Grammar: is the system of a language. People sometimes describe grammar as the "rules" of a language; but in fact no language has rules. 

Parse tree: A concrete syntax tree or parse tree is an (ordered, rooted) tree that represents the syntactic structure of a string according to some formal grammar. In a parse tree, the interior nodes are labeled by non-terminals of the grammar, while the leaf nodes are labeled by terminals of the grammar. 

Noun phrase: a word or group of words that functions in a sentence as subject, object, or prepositional object. 

Verb phrase: a verb phrase is a syntactic unit that corresponds to the predicate. In addition to the verb, this includes auxiliaries, objects, object complements, and other constituents apart from the subject. 

Sentences: In simple terms, a sentence is a set of words that contain:

a subject (what the sentence is about, the topic of the sentence)

a predicate (what is said about the subject) (http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/what-is-a-sentence.htm)

Determiners: are words like the, an, my, some. They are grammatically similar. They all come at the beginning of noun phrases, and usually we cannot use more than one determiner in the same noun phrase. 

Adjective: An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun by describing, identifying, or quantifying words. An adjective usually precedes the noun or the pronoun which it modifies. )

Adverb: An adverb is a word that tells us more about a verb. It "qualifies" or "modifies" a verb (The man ran quickly). 

Noun: A noun is a word used to name a person, animal, place, thing, and abstract idea. Nouns are usually the first words which small children learn. 

Pronoun: A pronoun can replace a noun or another pronoun. You use pronouns like "he," "which," "none," and "you" to make your sentences less cumbersome and less repetitive. 

Prepositional phrase: A prepositional phrase is a group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or a pronoun. This noun or pronoun is called the “object of the preposition.” 

Auxiliary verb: The most common auxiliary verbs are "be," "do," and "have", and you may also use these verbs on their own. You use "Will" and "shall" to express future time. (http://www.writingcentre.uottawa.ca/hypergrammar/auxvb.html)

Verb: The verb is perhaps the most important part of the sentence. A verb or compound verb asserts something about the subject of the sentence and express actions, events, or states of being. 

(http://www.writingcentre.uottawa.ca/hypergrammar/pronouns.html)